A parsed path object generated by path.parse() or consumed by path.format().
The file name including extension (if any) such as 'index.html'
The full directory path such as '/home/user/dir' or 'c:\path\dir'
The file extension (if any) such as '.html'
The file name without extension (if any) such as 'index'
The root of the path such as '/' or 'c:\'